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Hwɛ: 9 Ɔkyerɛwfo: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-04-27 Mfiase: Beaeɛ
Thermoplastics yɛ polymer bi a wobetumi ayɛ no hyew na wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛte ne sɛnea ɛte. Sɛ ɛyɛ nwini a, ɛyɛ den ma ɛyɛ ade a ɛyɛ den a ɛkɔ so yɛ ne nsusuwii. Wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu esiane wɔn su a eye kyɛn so, ɛyɛ den, emu yɛ hare, na ɛyɛ mmerɛw nti.
Thermoplastic nneɛma yɛ polymer a wobetumi ayɛ no mpɛn pii na ayɛ no den denam ɔhyew ne onwini so a wɔmfa nnuru mu nsakrae kɛse nkɔ mu. Wonim wɔn sɛ wotumi nwene anaasɛ wɔyɛ no sɛnea ɛte no denam ɔhyew ne nhyɛso a wɔde di dwuma so.
Wobetumi akyekyɛ thermoplastic nneɛma mu ayɛ no akuw atitiriw abien: amorphous ne semi-crystalline.
Amorphous thermoplastics nni crystalline nhyehyɛe anaasɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ random a ɛwɔ molecule chains mu. Wɔyɛ nea ɛda adi anaasɛ ɛyɛ hann na ɛwɔ baabi a ɛba fam sen semi-crystalline thermoplastics. Nhwɛso ahorow a ɛfa thermoplastics a ɛnyɛ nea ɛyɛ adwuma ho no bi ne polystyrene, polycarbonate, ne acrylic.
Semi-crystalline thermoplastics wɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe ne molecule nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn nhyehyɛe a wɔahyehyɛ no yiye. Wɔyɛ opaque na wɔwɔ melting point a ɛkorɔn sen amorphous thermoplastics. Nhwɛso ahorow a ɛfa semi-crystalline thermoplastics ho ne polyethylene, polypropylene, ne nylon.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no mu yɛ den sen dade, na ɛma ɛyɛ hare na ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobedi ho dwuma.
Ɛsono sɛnea nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no yɛ hyew no gyina polymer no su so. Mpɛn pii no, amorphous thermoplastics wɔ melting point a ɛba fam sen semi-crystalline thermoplastics.
Thermoplastic nneɛma no wɔ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ fam, na ɛma ɛfata ma insulation applications.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no wɔ ɔhyew tumi pɔtee a ɛba fam, na enhia ahoɔden pii na ama ayɛ hyew.
Thermoplastic nneɛma wɔ ɔhyew ntrɛwmu ho nsusuwii a ɛkorɔn, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛtrɛw anaasɛ ɛware kɛse wɔ nsakrae a ɛba ɔhyew mu no ho mmuaema mu. Saa agyapade yi betumi ayɛ nea ɛho hia kɛse wɔ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho nhyehyɛe ne nea wɔyɛ a ɛda ɔhyew a egu ahorow adi mu.
Thermoplastic nneɛma wɔ ahoɔden ne mu duru nsusuwii a eye kyɛn so, a ɛma ɛyɛ nea eye ma nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma a egye ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn ne emu duru a ɛba fam.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ adwuma no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw na wotumi nwene no sɛnea ɛte ne sɛnea ɛte a ɛnyɛ nea ɛpaapae anaasɛ ɛpaapae.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ den no yɛ den na ebetumi agyina nkɛntɛnso ne ahodwiriw a wɔde hyɛ mu no ano a ɛremmubu anaasɛ ɛpaapae.
Thermoplastic nneɛma wɔ hardness values ahorow a egyina polymer no su so. Wobetumi ayɛ mmerɛw na wɔayɛ nsakrae anaasɛ wɔayɛ den na wɔayɛ katee.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no tumi gyina nnuru te sɛ acid, base, ne nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ hyew ano yiye, na ɛma ɛfata sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ nnuru ne nnuruyɛ mu.
Nneɛma bi a ɛma ɔhyew no tumi gyina UV hann ano yiye, na ɛma ɛfata sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ abɔnten wɔ baabi a owia hann a wɔde di dwuma no yɛ ade a ɛhaw adwene.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no tumi yɛ hyew a egyina polymer ko a ɛwɔ mu ne nneɛma a wɔde ka ho a wɔde di dwuma no so. Wobetumi de nneɛma a ɛmma ogya ntumi nhyew aka ho na ama ɔhyew a ɛwɔ thermoplastics mu no so atew.
Wobetumi afa akwan horow so ayɛ nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew ho nneɛma ho adwuma, te sɛ injection molding, extrusion, ne blow molding.
Injection molding yɛ bere a wɔde thermoplastic ade a ayɛ hyew gu nkuku mu ma ɛyɛ nsusuwii anaa ɔkwan pɔtee bi. Saa adeyɛ yi yɛ nneɛma ahorow te sɛ kar afã horow, agode, ne nnuruyɛ mu mfiri ahorow.
Extrusion yɛ bere a wɔhyɛ thermoplastic ade a ayow fa die so ma ɛyɛ nsusuwii anaa ɔkwan pɔtee bi. Saa adeyɛ yi yɛ nneɛma te sɛ nsu afiri, nsu a wɔde fa nsu mu, ne ntama.
Blow molding yɛ adeyɛ a wɔde thermoplastic nneɛma a wɔabɔ no gu mu ma ɛyɛ nsunsu mu ade ma ɛyɛ nsusuwii anaa ɔkwan pɔtee bi. Saa adeyɛ yi yɛ nneɛma te sɛ nkotoku, nsukorade, ne nsukorabea.
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no wɔ mfaso pii sen nneɛma afoforo te sɛ dade ne dɔte. Mfaso ahorow yi bi ne:
Ɛyɛ hare .
Ɛnyɛ den sɛ wobenwene na wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛte .
Ahoɔden-ne-mu duru pa a eye .
Nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa pa .
Electrical insulation ahoɔden pa .
Nkɛntɛnso pa a ɛko tia .
Nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew nso wɔ ɔhaw ahorow bi, a nea ɛka ho ne:
Stiffness a ɛba fam ne dimensional stability .
Ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro a wɔko tia no yiye .
UV hann a wɔko tia no kakraa bi .
Nnuru bi a ɛko tia kakra .
Wɔde thermoplastic nneɛma di dwuma wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu, te sɛ:
Wɔde thermoplastic nneɛma di dwuma wɔ kar adwumayɛ mu de yɛ afã horow te sɛ bumpers, dashboards, ne apon so ntama esiane wɔn su a emu yɛ hare na ɛko tia nkɛntɛnso nti.
Wɔde thermoplastic nneɛma di dwuma wɔ ahunmu adwumayɛ mu de yɛ afã horow te sɛ mfinimfini panels, nkongua no afã horow, ne structure components esiane wɔn lightweight ne high ahoɔden-ne mu duru ratio nti.
Wɔde nneɛma a ɛyɛ hyew di dwuma wɔ adansi adwuma mu de yɛ nsu afiri, nneɛma a wɔde yɛ ɔdan atifi, ne nneɛma a wɔde siw mframa ano esiane nnuru a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye a ɛko tia ne nea ɛma mframa no siw ano nti.
Wɔde nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ adwuma di dwuma wɔ akwahosan ho adwumayɛ mu de yɛ nnuruyɛ mu mfiri te sɛ syringe, catheters, ne IV bag, esiane sɛnea wotumi yɛ nneɛma a nkwa wom ne sɛnea wotumi de sterilization di dwuma nti.
Nea yɛde bewie ne sɛ, nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ adwuma pii a ɛma wonya mfaso pii sen nneɛma te sɛ dade ne dɔte. Wɔn mu yɛ hare, ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛnwene na wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛte, na ɛwɔ ahoɔden ne emu duru a eye. Bio nso, nnuru a ɛko tia nyarewa no yɛ papa, anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ho ban, ne nea ɛko tia nyarewa no. Nanso, wɔwɔ anohyeto ahorow bi nso, te sɛ nea ɛyɛ den a ɛba fam, ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro ne UV hann a wɔko tia no kakraa bi, ne nnuru bi a wɔko tia no kakraa bi.
Ɛmfa ho anohyeto ahorow yi no, nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew yɛ adwuma no wɔ nneɛma ahorow a wɔde di dwuma wɔ nnwuma ahorow mu, te sɛ kar, ahunmu, adansi, ne akwahosan ho nhyehyɛe. Tumi a wɔde di dwuma denam akwan horow pii te sɛ injection molding, extrusion, ne blow molding so no ma ɛyɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nneɛma ahorow.
Sɛ yɛka ne nyinaa bom a, nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew no su ne ne su yɛ soronko no ma ɛyɛ nneɛma kuw a ɛho hia a ɛda adi sɛ ɛbɛkɔ so anya nnwuma ahorow pii so nkɛntɛnso daakye kɛse.
