Dɛn ne pet plastic na dɛn nti na ɛyɛ soronko wɔ plastic afoforo ho?

1. Dɛn ne pet plastic na dɛn nti na ɛho hia?

1.1 Dɛn ne Pet Plastic?

PET, a ɛyɛ polyethylene terephthalate tiawa , yɛ polymer bi a ɛyɛ thermoplastic. Ebia wobɛte nso sɛ wɔfrɛ no Pete, na bere bi a atwam no, na wɔfrɛ no PETP anaa PET-P. PET’s thermoplastic su kyerɛ sɛ wobetumi ayɛ no hyew, ayɛ no hyew, na afei ayɛ nwini ma ayɛ nsusuwii ahorow, na ɛma ɛyɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho titiriw wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma mu, wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ne nea ɛyɛ den nyinaa ho. Bio nso, PET yɛ ade a ɛyɛ den, a ɛnyɛ adwuma a ɛne aduan nhyia, a ɛyɛ ade kɛse nti a wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ nnuan a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ne anonne nkotoku mu. Nea ɛka ho no, ɛho ka sua, na ɛno ma nkurɔfo ani gye ho kɛse.

1.2 Adɛn nti na ɛho hia?

PET di dwuma sɛ polymer a ɛto so anan a wɔyɛ no kɛse, wɔ PE akyi pɛɛ (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), ne PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Eduu afe 2016 no, na wɔde PET redi dwuma dedaw wɔ fiber a wɔde di dwuma bɛboro 60% mu, na PET nkotoku no yɛ bɛyɛ wiase nyinaa ahwehwɛde no nkyem abiɛsa mu biako, na ɛma ɛyɛ ade titiriw wɔ ntama ne nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma nyinaa mu.

2. Nnuru ne honam fam nneɛma a ɛwɔ PET mu .

2.1 Nnuru a wde di dwuma .

PET yɛ C10H8O4 a wɔsan yɛ no mpɛn pii. Mpɛn pii no, wɔyɛ PET fi PTA mu, ɛwom sɛ wɔde MEG ne DMT na ɛyɛ bi de. Ɛde besi afe 2022 no, ethylene glycol a ɛwɔ PET mu no da so ara fi ethylene, abɔde mu mframa, na terephthalic acid no fi paraxylene a wonya fi ngo a wɔmfa nhyehyɛ mu no mu. Bere a wɔreyɛ PET no, wɔde antimony anaa titanium di dwuma sɛ ade a ɛma nneɛma yɛ kɛse, wɔde phosphites yɛ nneɛma a ɛma ɛyɛ den, na wɔde cobalt nkyene ka nneɛma a wɔde yɛ bluing ho de kata yellowing biara so.

2.2 Nneɛma a ɛwɔ nipadua mu .

2.2.1 Ductility a eye kyɛn so .

PET’s slow crystallization rate ma ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ wɔbɛtrɛw mu bere a wɔreyɛ no, ɛno nti na eye ma nhama ne sini ahorow a wɔyɛ no.

2.2.2 Nneɛma pa a ɛwɔ akwansideɛ mu .

Sɛ́ polymer a ɛyɛ huam no, PET de akwanside ahorow a eye sen aliphatic polymer ma na ɛsan nso yɛ nea ɛyɛ nsu. 

2.2.3 Nneɛma a ɛda adi pefee .

Aguadi mu afieboa nneɛma taa nya ahwehwɛ a ɛkɔ soro kodu 60%. Ɛdenam polymer a adɔ no a wɔma ɛyɛ nwini ntɛmntɛm no so kosi ahwehwɛ nsakrae ɔhyew so no, wobetumi ayɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Onwini a ɛyɛ brɛoo no ma nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Ɔkwan a wɔfa so kyerɛ bere a wɔreyɛ no nso betumi ama nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee no ayɛ kɛse, na ɛkyerɛkyerɛ nea enti a bopet sini ne nkotoku mu da hɔ na ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ no mu.

3. Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ PET plastic .

3.1 Nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho adwuma .

3.1.1 Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho .

Wɔde PET di dwuma kɛse de yɛ plastic nkotoku a wɔde anonne a ɛyɛ dɛ gu mu, a anonne a wɔde carbon ayɛ ne nea wɔmfa mframa nkɔ mu nyinaa ka ho. Wɔ anonne a ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ɛbɛsɛe te sɛ beer no, wɔtaa de PET ne nneɛma afoforo gu mu na ama oxygen a ɛkɔ mu no so atew.

3.1.2 Nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho a ɛyɛ mmerɛw .

Wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mu no, PET taa yɛ biaxially oriented sɛ wɔbɛbɔ . Bopet Film , ade a ebia wunim no yiye denam n’adwuma din so, Mylar. Wɔ akwankyerɛ akyi no, ayaresa afoforo te sɛ metallization betumi atew permeability so bio, na ama film no ayɛ nea ɛma hann no yɛ adwuma na ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi, na ɛno nti na wɔde di dwuma kɛse wɔ nnuan a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ne nneɛma a wɔde siw mframa ano no mu.

3.2 Ntama adwuma .

Wɔde PET di dwuma kɛse wɔ ntama adwumayɛ mu esiane ne ductility a ɛkyɛn so nti, sɛnea yɛadi kan aka ho asɛm no. Wɔtaa hu saa polyester nhama yi wɔ ntade a aba so mu, a wɔtaa de fra kotoku mu, na wɔde yɛ ɔhyew a wɔde hyɛ, agumadi ntade, adwuma ntade, ne kar a wɔde yɛ nneɛma.

4. Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho banbɔ ne nneɛma a wɔsan de di dwuma bio .

4.1 Nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho asɛm .

Bere a wobetumi asan de thermoplastics dodow no ara adi dwuma bio no, Pet da nsow sɛ ɛyɛ mmerɛw titiriw sɛ wɔbɛsan de ayɛ nneɛma foforo. Eyi fã bi fi bo a ɛsom kɛse ne nokwasɛm a ɛyɛ sɛ wɔtaa de PET yɛ nsu nkotoku, na ɛma ɛyɛ nea nkurɔfo ani gye ho sɛ wɔbɛsan de adi dwuma bio no. Nea ɛnte sɛ plastic afoforo te sɛ PVC (a wɔde di dwuma ma cling wrap), PP (aduan a wɔde gu mu), ne PS (nkuruwa a wɔde tow gu), wobetumi asan de PET ayɛ nneɛma foforo mpɛn pii akɔ nneɛma koro no ara mu, na ɛtew nneɛma a wɔsɛe no so kɛse. Aman pii de Universal Recycling symbol a ɛwɔ resin identification code (RIC) 1 (♳) a ɛwɔ PET nneɛma ase no di dwuma de kyerɛ eyi.

Bio nso, PET a wɔyɛ no nni ahoɔden pii na ɛma mframa bɔne a wɔtow gu no so tew bere a wɔde toto nneɛma afoforo ho no. PET nneɛma a wɔyɛ no mu duru a emu yɛ hare no nso kyerɛ sɛ mframa bɔne a ɛba fam bere a wɔde rekɔ no.

4.2 Nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma foforo .

4.2.1 Nsaano a wɔde di dwuma bio .

Wɔtaa frɛ PET a wɔasan de adi dwuma no rPet anaa R-PET, na wɔtaa de PET (postc PET) akyi-adetɔfo akyi di dwuma. Wɔ akyi no, wobetumi asan de PET no ayɛ nneɛma koro no ara, na wobetumi asan de PET ayɛ nhama a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho ne nneɛma a ɛnyɛ aduan a wɔde gu mu. Wɔ afe 2023 mu no, wɔde adeyɛ foforo bi bae sɛ wɔde bɛyɛ supercapacitors a efi PET mu, na wɔadan no nkratafa ne nanospheres a carbon wom. Bio nso, PET yɛ pɛtro a ɛyɛ papa ma ahoɔden afifide esiane sɛ ɛyɛ hyew kɛse nti, na ɛboa ma ahotoso a wɔde to nneɛma a ɛnyɛ foforo so no so tew.

4.2.2 Abɔdeɛ mu ɔsɛeɛ .

Sɛ wɔmfa nsa nyɛ adwuma bio na wɔtow gu mmom a, ɛho nhia sɛ wohaw wo ho. Mmoawa bi a wɔwɔ Nocardia abusua no mu betumi asɛe PET denam lipase enzymes so. Wohu saa mmoawa yi kɛse wɔ asase mu, enti wobetumi afi awosu mu abubu PET.

5. Asiane a ebetumi ahintaw a ɛwɔ PET plastic nneɛma mu .

5.1 a ɛfa afieboa nkotoku ho .

Ansa na yɛbɛka nsɛm a ebetumi aba wɔ PET ho no, ɛho hia sɛ yɛka Antimony ho asɛm. Wɔtaa de saa metalloid element yi di dwuma sɛ ade a ɛma PET yɛ adwuma. Sɛ wɔyɛ PET nneɛma wie a, wobetumi ahu antimony a aka no wɔ ade no ani. Bere kɔ so no, saa antimony elements yi betumi atu akɔ nneɛma a ɛwɔ mu no mu, te sɛ aduan ne anonne. PET a wɔde bɛto microwave so no betumi ama antimony dodow akɔ soro kɛse, na ebetumi ayɛ nea ɛboro EPA no gyinapɛn a ɛsen biara no so. Bere a akwahosan ho asiane ahorow no sua no, ɛda so ara yɛ ade a ɛhaw adwene.

5.2 fa ntama nhama ho .

Esiane sɛ wɔde PET di dwuma kɛse wɔ ntama adwuma mu nti, ebia ntade pii bɛhohoro nhama bere a wɔde redi dwuma na wɔahohoro no. Saa nhama yi bi paapae yɛ nketenkete, na ebetumi akɔtra nsubɔnten anaa po mu na mpataa no amene, na ɛhyɛn aduan mu. Ebia nhama afoforo bɛfa mframa mu na awiei koraa no, mmoa ne afifide bedi, na awiei koraa no, ahyɛ yɛn aduan mu.

6. Awiei .

PET yɛ ade a ɛnyɛ nea atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛnyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛsan de adi dwuma bio na ɛwɔ bo a ɛkorɔn a wɔde san yɛ nneɛma foforo sɛ wɔde toto ne mfɛfo ho a. Ɛwom sɛ ebia ɛwɔ ahobammɔ ho haw ahorow bi de, nanso eyinom sua koraa sɛ wɔde toto mfaso horow a ɛwɔ so no ho a. Bere a aman pii yɛ ade tia plastic a wɔde gu fĩ no, PET de ano aduru a ɛfata ma nnwuma pii.